Some times you need to know the device node identifier. e.g. /dev/sda1, a partition UUID, a partition label or partition type (ntfs,fat32 etc). By using the following command you can see all the relevant information about your partitions.
Open a Terminal
$ sudo blkid -c /dev/null
sample output
/dev/sda1: UUID="D8C0A470C0A45692" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda5: LABEL="Ddrive" UUID="FA0C1D8C0C1D44D3" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda6: UUID="1ccc38e0-5981-438b-adc0-d90301eee022" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda7: UUID="03a0bd37-b163-49a2-b1a9-33017d764ba8" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda8: LABEL="ibex" UUID="61f6b15b-8be8-43d8-904f-4e599b608994" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
/dev/sda9: UUID="3b70839c-525c-490c-9892-791a539b3005" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3"
/dev/sda10: LABEL="EDrive" UUID="E8B8420AB841D7A8" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/ramzswap0: TYPE="swap"
SES, SEO, SEM, Linux and Microcontroller Help, News and Experience sharing Blog
"My PIC Microcontroller Articles are moved to http://picmicrochip.blogspot.com
Tuesday, December 13, 2011
Monday, December 12, 2011
How to Monitor Realtime Network Traffic in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
Here you can see How to Monitor Realtime Incoming Network Traffic in Ubuntu / Debian Linux with simple Utility IFSTAT
How to Install ifstat
Open a terminal
How to run
How to Install ifstat
Open a terminal
$ sudo apt-get install ifstat
How to run
$ ifstat
output
eth0 eth1
KB/s in KB/s out KB/s in KB/s out
4.67 5.21 3.67 5.05
3.93 4.59 0.38 0.74
3.93 4.59 6.19 8.30
3.93 4.59 3.03 4.33
Labels:
networking,
Tips and Tricks
Thursday, December 8, 2011
sudo with out asking password in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
How to sudo with out asking password in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
open a terminal
$ sudo visudo
Now Add this line at the end (change “panayara” to your username):
panayara ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
Ctrl-X to leave, save your changes, and you're done!
Wednesday, December 7, 2011
What are seven fields in the Ubuntu Linux Password file
What are seven fields in the /etc/passwd file (Ubuntu Linux Password file)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
username:x:UID:GID:comment:home directory:shell
"username" is login name.
"x" is link of password.
"UID" stands for userID.
"GID" stands for groupID.
"username" is login name.
"x" is link of password.
"UID" stands for userID.
"GID" stands for groupID.
Tuesday, December 6, 2011
Common Filesystem Types used in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
Filesystem Types
* The most common filesystem types are:
ext2,ext3,ext4 The standard Linux filesystems
iso9660 The filesystem used on CD-ROMs
proc Not a real filesystem, so uses none as the device.
Used as a way for the kernel to report system information to user processes
Sysfs exports information about devices and drivers from the kernel device model to user space
vfat The filesystem used by Windows 95
auto Not a real filesystem type. Used as a way of asking the mount command to probe for various
filesystem types, particularly for removable media
ReiserFS is a general-purpose, journaled computer file system designed and implemented by a team at
Namesys led by Hans Reiser
tmpfs is a common name for a temporary file storage facility on many Unix-like operating systems
usbfs USB Device Filesystem.
Networked filesystems include
nfs (Unix-specific)
smbfs (Windows or Samba)
* The most common filesystem types are:
ext2,ext3,ext4 The standard Linux filesystems
iso9660 The filesystem used on CD-ROMs
proc Not a real filesystem, so uses none as the device.
Used as a way for the kernel to report system information to user processes
Sysfs exports information about devices and drivers from the kernel device model to user space
vfat The filesystem used by Windows 95
auto Not a real filesystem type. Used as a way of asking the mount command to probe for various
filesystem types, particularly for removable media
ReiserFS is a general-purpose, journaled computer file system designed and implemented by a team at
Namesys led by Hans Reiser
XFS is a journaling filesystem, developed by SGI
JFS is a journaling filesystem, developed by IBM
tmpfs is a common name for a temporary file storage facility on many Unix-like operating systems
usbfs USB Device Filesystem.
Networked filesystems include
nfs (Unix-specific)
smbfs (Windows or Samba)
Sunday, December 4, 2011
List of Server applications you can run in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
Name of some Server applications you can run in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
wu-ftpd — ftp server
vsftpf ---- ftp server
samba -- windows file sharing
And more............
apache — Web server
boa — lightweight Web server
sshd — ssh server
sendmail — mail server
qmail — mail server
postfix — mail server
named — DNS server
sshd — ssh server
sendmail — mail server
qmail — mail server
postfix — mail server
named — DNS server
bind --- DNS Server
squid — Web proxy server
nessusd — penetration testing server
postgresql — database server
mysql — database server
oracle — database server
telnet — telnet serversquid — Web proxy server
nessusd — penetration testing server
postgresql — database server
mysql — database server
oracle — database server
wu-ftpd — ftp server
vsftpf ---- ftp server
samba -- windows file sharing
And more............
Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Useful Linux Network Commands for Ubuntu / Debian
Ubuntu Linux Useful Networking commands
ifconfig – displays information network
iwconfig – displays information from wireless
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart – reset the network
/etc/network/interfaces – (file) manual configuration
ifup interface – bring online interface
ifdown interface – disable interface
iwlist scan - shows wireless networks that are available in the area with basic encryption information
lshw -C network - Shows Details of Interface card and drivers of each networking device
lspci -nn - Shows PCI vendor and device codes as both numbers and names of hardware connected to the pci bus
lsusb - Shows USB connected hardware
lshw -C usb - Additional info on USB related hardware (good for USB dongles)
route -n - Lists kernel IP routing table — Good for troubleshooting problems with the gateway
sudo dhclient - Request IP address from DHCP server for specified interface
sudo dhclient -r - Release IP address associated with specified interface
/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules - (File) which assigns logical names (eth0, wlan0, etc) to MAC addresses
cat /etc/resolv.conf - Lists DNS servers associated with network connections
ifconfig – displays information network
iwconfig – displays information from wireless
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart – reset the network
/etc/network/interfaces – (file) manual configuration
ifup interface – bring online interface
ifdown interface – disable interface
iwlist scan - shows wireless networks that are available in the area with basic encryption information
lshw -C network - Shows Details of Interface card and drivers of each networking device
lspci -nn - Shows PCI vendor and device codes as both numbers and names of hardware connected to the pci bus
lsusb - Shows USB connected hardware
lshw -C usb - Additional info on USB related hardware (good for USB dongles)
route -n - Lists kernel IP routing table — Good for troubleshooting problems with the gateway
sudo dhclient - Request IP address from DHCP server for specified interface
sudo dhclient -r - Release IP address associated with specified interface
/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules - (File) which assigns logical names (eth0, wlan0, etc) to MAC addresses
cat /etc/resolv.conf - Lists DNS servers associated with network connections
Thursday, November 3, 2011
How to Resize FAT Filesytem using Ubuntu LInux Utility : Fatresize
Fatresize is a command line tool for resizing MS Windows FAT16 / FAT32 file systems.
Fatresize Installation:
Fatresize follow the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options starting with two dashes (`-'). A summary of options is included below.
-h --help: Show summary of options.
-s --size: Re-size volume to SIZE[k|M|G|ki|Mi|Gi] bytes
-i --info: Show volume information
-p --progress: Show progress
-q --quite: Be quite
-v --verbose: Verbose (not version)
Fatresize Examples:
Fatresize Installation:
Using Fatresize:$ sudo apt-get install fatresize
Fatresize follow the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options starting with two dashes (`-'). A summary of options is included below.
-h --help: Show summary of options.
-s --size: Re-size volume to SIZE[k|M|G|ki|Mi|Gi] bytes
-i --info: Show volume information
-p --progress: Show progress
-q --quite: Be quite
-v --verbose: Verbose (not version)
Fatresize Examples:
fatresize -s 2G /dev/evms/hdb2
fatresize -q -s 3G /dev/hde6
fatresize -i /dev/hdg3
Saturday, October 29, 2011
How to Find the type of Memory Installed in Your Computer : Ubuntu Trick
In the case of upgrading, you have to know what type of memory installed in your machine. Capacity, Type, Speed etc. here you can see a simple trick to find all details of your memory.
Open a terminal and type the following
$ sudo dmidecode --type memory
You can see the output like this
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0017, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 8 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0017
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 2048 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: J6H2
Bank Locator: CHAN A DIMM 1
Type: DDR2
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 800 MHz (1.2 ns)
Manufacturer: 0x7F4F000000000000
Serial Number: 0x0007BF39
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: 0x4A4D383030514C552D324720202020202020
Open a terminal and type the following
$ sudo dmidecode --type memory
You can see the output like this
# dmidecode 2.9
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0017, DMI type 16, 15 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 8 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 4
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x0017
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Total Width: 64 bits
Data Width: 64 bits
Size: 2048 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: J6H2
Bank Locator: CHAN A DIMM 1
Type: DDR2
Type Detail: Synchronous
Speed: 800 MHz (1.2 ns)
Manufacturer: 0x7F4F000000000000
Serial Number: 0x0007BF39
Asset Tag: Unknown
Part Number: 0x4A4D383030514C552D324720202020202020
Thursday, October 27, 2011
Trash-cli : Manage Trash from Command line in Ubuntu Linux
By using a utility named trash-cli you can simply mange Trash from command line
The location of Trash folder in old GNOME version is (~/.Trash), in current versions it is in ~/.local/share/Trash. There is two sub folders named files and info. The files folder contains the files deleted and info directory consists of meta data for each deleted file.
First step, install trash-cli utility
$ sudo apt-get install trash-cli
It installs three commands,
1. list-trash to list down the files in trash
2. trash to move the file to trash
3. restore-trash to restore the file to original path
Usage:
$ trash love.txt ( move the file love.txt to trash folder)
$ list-trash (List the contents of Trash folder)
2011-10-27 22:46:28 /home/abc/love.txt
$ restore-trash love.txt (Restore the file love.txt)
0 2011-10-27 22:46:28 /home/abc/love.txt
What file to restore [0..0]: 0 (if there is more than one file list shows 1 2 3 etc)
Sunday, September 25, 2011
How to Create Encrypted Folder in Ubuntu with Cryptkeeper
We can create Encrypted Folder in Ubuntu using Cryptkeeper. Cryptkeeper is a system tray applet for Linux that is designed to provide you with simplified options to create hidden encrypted directories. You can save your important data on the password-protected and encypted directories and access at any time by displaying a hidden folder option in the system tray.
How to install cryptkeeper in ubuntu
Open a terminal and type the following
How to install cryptkeeper in ubuntu
Open a terminal and type the following
$ sudo apt-get install cryptkeeper
Wednesday, September 14, 2011
Monday, September 12, 2011
Vinux : Ubuntu For Blind (visually Impaired users)
Vinux is a remastered version of the Ubuntu Linux Distribution optimized for visually impaired users. It provides a screen-reader, full-screen magnification and support for Braille displays out of the box! It can be run from a Live CD without making any changes to your hard drive. If you like it you can install it to a USB pendrive or to your hard drive either alongside Windows using the Virtual Version, or as a complete replacement for windows.
see More Here
Tuesday, July 26, 2011
What is Socket and PORT in Computer Network Programming
Port
A port represents an endpoint or "channel" for network communications. Port numbers allow different applications on the same computer to utilize network resources without interfering with each other.
The purpose of ports is to differentiate multiple endpoints on a given network address. You could say that a port is a virtualised endpoint. This virtualisation makes possible multiple concurrent connections on a single network interface.
Socket
A socket represents a single connection between two network applications. These two applications nominally run on different computers, but sockets can also be used for interprocess communication on a single computer. Applications can create multiple sockets for communicating with each other. Sockets are bidirectional, meaning that either side of the connection is capable of both sending and receiving data. Therefore a socket can be created theoretically at any level of the OSI model from 2 upwards.
The combination of an IP address and a port is strictly known as an endpoint and is sometimes called a socket. A socket is not bound to TCP/IP, it can be any protocol
A port represents an endpoint or "channel" for network communications. Port numbers allow different applications on the same computer to utilize network resources without interfering with each other.
The purpose of ports is to differentiate multiple endpoints on a given network address. You could say that a port is a virtualised endpoint. This virtualisation makes possible multiple concurrent connections on a single network interface.
Socket
A socket represents a single connection between two network applications. These two applications nominally run on different computers, but sockets can also be used for interprocess communication on a single computer. Applications can create multiple sockets for communicating with each other. Sockets are bidirectional, meaning that either side of the connection is capable of both sending and receiving data. Therefore a socket can be created theoretically at any level of the OSI model from 2 upwards.
The combination of an IP address and a port is strictly known as an endpoint and is sometimes called a socket. A socket is not bound to TCP/IP, it can be any protocol
Friday, July 22, 2011
How to Add a Network printer in Ubuntu 10.04
Here I have a Network printer connected in 192.168.0.2 . It is an HP Printer.
Select System --> Administration --> Printing
Now Select Add then Expand the Network Printer option , select Find Network Printer , then type your Print server IP and press FIND Button
It will automaticaly detect your printer
Now it will ask for exact printer model , select printer brand and model from Menu.
After Adding Printer You can right click on printer and make proper settings
Select System --> Administration --> Printing
Now Select Add then Expand the Network Printer option , select Find Network Printer , then type your Print server IP and press FIND Button
It will automaticaly detect your printer
Now it will ask for exact printer model , select printer brand and model from Menu.
After Adding Printer You can right click on printer and make proper settings
Tuesday, July 5, 2011
How to Select a Linux Distibution - Simple Guide
If you are a person that caught the world attention and want to try a linux distro, but you do not know what to start, and where to start, here I will offer a little help.
see this site
http://www.zegeniestudios.net/ldc/index.php?select_lang=true
see this site
http://www.zegeniestudios.net/ldc/index.php?select_lang=true
Monday, July 4, 2011
Burn CD, DVD and Blu-Ray in Ubuntu Linux using Silicon Empire
Burn CD, DVD and Blu-Ray in Ubuntu Linux using Silicon EmpireSilicon Empire is an application for GNU / Linux that lets you record and manage optical discs such as CD, DVD and Blu-Ray. It is written in Qt, a widely used multi-platform library for developing applications with graphical user interface as well as for developing non-GUI programs as tools for the command line and console server.
Silicon Empire uses cdrtools and gives us the ability to copy or burn a data disc images, erase or mount DVDs. For the time being to create an audio CD, though (curiously) comes with a player music ( MiniTuner ) and even a picture viewer, these (as well as the characteristics of CD / DVD) are called "Sapplications" which are basically plug-ins, so you could get more of these in the future.
Features
Record, copy and erase optical discs
Supports CDs, DVDs and BluRays
Show all information about disks and optical drives before starting to record / copy / delete.
It Supports Iso,. Nrg,. Bin. Mdf and. Img
Manager images from CD / DVD
Support for drag and drop
Copy all or only part of the discs
Download deb package from here
http://getsilicon.org/download/silicon_1.7.3_amd64.deb
Silicon Empire uses cdrtools and gives us the ability to copy or burn a data disc images, erase or mount DVDs. For the time being to create an audio CD, though (curiously) comes with a player music ( MiniTuner ) and even a picture viewer, these (as well as the characteristics of CD / DVD) are called "Sapplications" which are basically plug-ins, so you could get more of these in the future.
Features
Record, copy and erase optical discs
Supports CDs, DVDs and BluRays
Show all information about disks and optical drives before starting to record / copy / delete.
It Supports Iso,. Nrg,. Bin. Mdf and. Img
Manager images from CD / DVD
Support for drag and drop
Copy all or only part of the discs
Download deb package from here
http://getsilicon.org/download/silicon_1.7.3_amd64.deb
Saturday, April 23, 2011
How to Install Mozilla Firefox 4 in Ubuntu Linux
If possible remove the older version first.
Now You can start Firefox 4 Installation
1. Open Synaptic Package Manager and add the Firefox PPA to the Software Resources.
(Settings --> Repositories --> Other Software , now click on Add Button and Enter ppa as shown below
2. ppa:mozillateam/firefox-stable
3. Now Click on Reload button to update the Software Repository.
4. Now enter "Firefox 4" in Search box of synaptic package Manager
5. Mark Firefox 4 for Installation
6. Press Apply Button
Now You can start Firefox 4 Installation
1. Open Synaptic Package Manager and add the Firefox PPA to the Software Resources.
(Settings --> Repositories --> Other Software , now click on Add Button and Enter ppa as shown below
2. ppa:mozillateam/firefox-stable
3. Now Click on Reload button to update the Software Repository.
4. Now enter "Firefox 4" in Search box of synaptic package Manager
5. Mark Firefox 4 for Installation
6. Press Apply Button
Tuesday, April 19, 2011
Kerala Entrance Exam 2011 (KEAM 2011) Answer Key And Solutions Published
Kerala Entrance Exam 2011 (KEAM 2011) Answer Key And Solutions Published
Tell your Friend about this site . This site is exclusively designed for Engineering Students. www.keralalinux.com
Kerala Entrance Exam 2011 Answer key and Solution will be published . For answer Key and solutions please keep in touch regular on this site. Official site of CEE will publish after 21-04-2011. Some other sites are under the preparation of key. So please keep in touch regular on this site.
Tuesday, March 1, 2011
Download Free Qt Training Course Material for KDE Developers and Teachers
QT is produced by Nokia's Qt Development Frameworks division,. Nokia's Qt team has unveiled a new initiative - namely to build awareness about Qt - Qt is a cross-platform application and UI framework - among students and Teachers.
Qt is most notably used in Nokia, Autodesk, Google Earth, KDE, Adobe Photoshop Album, the European Space Agency, Volvo, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Skype, VLC media player, Samsung, Philips and VirtualBox
This Qt Course Material has around 10 lectures that cover the basics of Qt in addition to some special topics. It includes s PowerPoint slides, notes, exercises etc which will make their job a lot easier in teaching Qt to their students.
You can download all the lectures together in one file (45 MB download) or download individual lectures.
You can download all the lectures together in one file (45 MB download) or download individual lectures.
Thursday, February 24, 2011
How to Convert Webpage to PDF in Ubuntu/Debian Linux : wkhtmltopdf
Wkhtmltopdf is a command line utility for converting webpage / html to PDF.
$ sudo apt-get install wkhtmltopdf
See More Usage Details here
Features
- Convert web pages into PDF documents using webkit
- Adding headers and footers (static version only)
- TOC generation (static version only)
- Batch mode conversions
- (Linux) No longer requires an XServer to be running (however the X11 client libs must be installed)
$ sudo apt-get install wkhtmltopdf
See More Usage Details here
Tuesday, February 22, 2011
How to : simulation of arduino programs using virtual breadboard (Freeware)
VirtualBreadboard is a simulation and development environment for embedded applications that use microcontrollers. It is easy to use and can replace a protoboard for experimenting with new designs.It is a freeware.
VBB simulates many of the PIC16 and PIC18 microcontroller devices with now Arduino emulation. In addition a wide variety of simulated components such as LCD’s, Servos, logic and other IO devices that can be used to model and simulate high level circuits. See More Here
Friday, February 18, 2011
How to watch the Bandwidth Stats by Process using NetHogs in Ubuntu / Debian Linux
NetHogs is a lightweight Linux text-based tool that monitors bandwidth usage, then groups it by process, Network administrators can can see which PIDs are using the most bandwidth, and if necessary, you can kill the process.
It supports
- Shows TCP download- and upload-speed per process
- Supports both IPv4 and IPv6
- Supports both Ethernet and PPP
Open a Terminal and type the following
$sudo apt-get install nethogs
Usage:
$ sudo nethogs eth0
For More help
$ man nethogs
Wednesday, February 16, 2011
How to change the Grub 2 settings without using the command line In Ubuntu 10.10 with Grub Customizer 2.0
Grub Customizer is a graphical interface to configure the grub2. The application allows the user to add, remove, freeze, rename and reorder boot menu items. Grub Customizer 2.0 contains an user interface to edit the /etc/default/grub-Settings. It a;so help you to select the default entry, change the visibility of the menu, timeout, kernel parameters, disable recovery entries, change screen resolution, (GFX_MODE), Menu colors (grub2 only), background image (grub2 only). You can avoid the painful experience of command line based Grub Editing.
How to install Grub Customizer 2.0 In ubuntu
Open A Terminal and type the following
$sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
$sudo apt-get update
$sudo apt-get install grub-customizer
Now it is available in Menu
Applications > System Tools > Grub Customizer
Monday, February 7, 2011
Best download Manger for Ubuntu Linux - Uget
Uget (formerly urlgfe) is a Free and Open Source download manager written in GTK+ , it has many of features like easy-to-use , cross-platform (Windows & GNU/Linux) , support pause and resume , classify download , every category has an independent configuration
Free and Open Source .
Simple , easy-to-use and lightweight .
Support resume download , so if your connction lost you don’t need to start from first .
Classify downloads , and every category has independent configuration and queue .
Queue download .
Integrate with Firefox through Flashgot plugin .
Monitoring clipboard .
Import downloads from HTML file .
Batch download , you can download many files has same arrange , like file_1 file_2 …. file_20 , you don’t need to add all links , just one link and changeable character .
Can be used from command line .
how to install uget in ubuntu
$ apt-get install uget
Sunday, February 6, 2011
How to install linuxmint main menu in Ubuntu 10.10
Linux mint is a good flavor of linux operating system based on ubuntu. See how to install linuxmint main menu in ubuntu.
Add the following PPA in software source.
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/mintmenu && sudo apt-get update
After installing PPA
$ sudo apt-get install mintmenu
The linuxmint maint menu is installed. The right click on top panel select 'Add to panel'->search and select mintmenu
Thursday, February 3, 2011
How to Autostart a program at bootup in ubuntu Linux
I you want to auto start a program (or script) in ubuntu Linux at bootup by creating a symbolic link to that program (or script) in the ~/.config/autostart folder.
For example, to start Firefox at bootup, create a symbolic link:
For example, to start Firefox at bootup, create a symbolic link:
$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/firefox ~/.config/autostart
Wednesday, February 2, 2011
How To Install LTSP in Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal
Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP) is a free and open source software for Linux that allows many people to simultaneously use the same computer. Applications run on the server with a terminal known as a thin client (also known as an X terminal) handling input and output. Generally, terminals are low-powered, lack a hard disk and are quieter than desktop computers because they do not have any moving parts.
In case of the newer MueKow (LTSP 5) setup, the client first builds an SSH tunnel to the LTSP server's X environment, through which it will start the LDM login manager (on the LTSP server). From this point forward, all programs are started on the LTSP server, but displayed and operated from the client.
See How to install LTSP in Ubuntu with few simple steps.
First You have to set a Static IP address in Your Machine to 192.168.0.1
( See How to setup static IP)
Now
Open a terminal in your existing Ubuntu Machine ad type the following Commands
$ sudo apt-get install ltsp-server-standalone openssh-server
$ sudo ltsp-build-client
$ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
$ sudo /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart
Now Your LTSP Server is ready. Set PXE boot in client system ( This means you have to select Network card as your Boot Device).
If you change your IP Address You have to do the following
* Configure DHCP Server (/etc/ltsp/dhcpd.conf)
* Run command "sudo ltsp-update-sshkeys"
Saturday, January 29, 2011
How to play DVD Movies in Ubuntu Linux 10.10
See How to play DVD Movies in Your Ubuntu Box
Ubuntu 9.04, 9.10, 10.04 (i386, amd64) and 10.10
Install the libdvdread4 package (no need to add third party repositories) via Synaptic or command line:$ sudo apt-get install libdvdread4
Run the following command
$ sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
Another Way
Add mediubuntu repositories$ sudo wget --output-document=/etc/apt/sources.list.d/medibuntu.list
http://www.medibuntu.org/sources.list.d/$(lsb_release -cs).list
$ sudo apt-get --quiet update
Update Key
$ sudo apt-get --yes --quiet --allow-unauthenticated install medibuntu-keyring $ sudo apt-get --quiet update
Install the following packages
$ sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2
$ sudo apt-get install libdvdread4
$ sudo cd /usr/share/doc/libdvdread4/install-css.sh
Thursday, January 20, 2011
How to Crack ZIP passwords with Fcrackzip in Ubuntu / Debian
Fcrackzip is a Simple but useful tool for Ubuntu/ Debian Linux users which will help you to crack lost zip passwords. it is similar to similar to fzc, zipcrack
Open a terminal and use the following Command Or Use Synaptic Package manager
$ sudo apt-get install fcrackzip
$ fcrackzip --help
The above Command will can use for Help
Example
$ fcrackzip -c a -p aaaaaa sample.zip
The above cimmand will check the encrypted files in sample.zip for all lowercase 6 character passwords (aaaaaa ... abaaba ... ghfgrg ... zzzzzz).
Open a terminal and use the following Command Or Use Synaptic Package manager
$ sudo apt-get install fcrackzip
$ fcrackzip --help
The above Command will can use for Help
Example
$ fcrackzip -c a -p aaaaaa sample.zip
The above cimmand will check the encrypted files in sample.zip for all lowercase 6 character passwords (aaaaaa ... abaaba ... ghfgrg ... zzzzzz).
- fcrackzip --method cpmask --charset A --init AAAA test.ppm
- checks the obscured image test.ppm for all four character passwords. -TP fcrackzip -D -p passwords.txt sample.zip check for every password listed in the file passwords.txt.
Wednesday, January 19, 2011
How to Mount A Linux Partition In FreeBSD
For ext2fs filesystem Support under FreeBSD, You have to build a new kernel with ext2fs support. Put the line
options “EXT2FS”
in your kernel configuration file for the new kernel and compile.
or
Do the following steps to enable ext2fs support in the kernel:
# cd /usr/src/sys/modules/ext2fs
# make
# make install
You can use ‘kldload‘ to load the ext2fs module in to the kernel.
# kldload ext2fs
Then you will be able to mount your linux partitions by giving a command like:
# mount -t ext2fs /dev/ad1s1 /mnt
to unload module use
# kldunload ext2fs
To load the module automatically on system startup
add the following line in to /boot/loader.conf
ext2fs_load=”YES”
options “EXT2FS”
in your kernel configuration file for the new kernel and compile.
or
Do the following steps to enable ext2fs support in the kernel:
# cd /usr/src/sys/modules/ext2fs
# make
# make install
You can use ‘kldload‘ to load the ext2fs module in to the kernel.
# kldload ext2fs
Then you will be able to mount your linux partitions by giving a command like:
# mount -t ext2fs /dev/ad1s1 /mnt
to unload module use
# kldunload ext2fs
To load the module automatically on system startup
add the following line in to /boot/loader.conf
ext2fs_load=”YES”
Tuesday, January 18, 2011
After Using apt-get Install , Where .deb files are stored in Ubuntu / Debian ?
Here you can see a simple but useful tip for Ubuntu/Debian users
/var/cache/apt/archives
this directory contains the debian packages download by the apt-get
You can Reuse this files for installing applications in another system.
/var/cache/apt/archives
this directory contains the debian packages download by the apt-get
You can Reuse this files for installing applications in another system.
Monday, January 17, 2011
Disconnect a network user from the network using Tuxcut in Ubuntu / Debian
Tux cut is this is a simple program to disconnect the network user in the same network , NetCut is a Software that helps network admin by purely on ARP protocol . List IP-MAC Table in secs, turn off & On network on any computer on your LAN including any device like router , switcher. Also, can protected user from ARP SPOOF attack .
How to install tuxut in ubuntu/Debian
see This Link
How to install tuxut in ubuntu/Debian
see This Link
Sunday, January 16, 2011
Control Your Network Traffic with Wondershaper in Ubuntu/ Debian Linux
Control Your Network Traffic with Wondershaper in Linux
If you are a Network Administrator with little knowledge in Network Protocols and IPtables, don't worry you can also control your network traffic with a simple tool named wondershaper. It Works on Linux 2.4 & higher.
Open a Terminal and type the following
official site : http://lartc.org/wondershaper/
Readme files in /usr/share/doc/wondershaper
The following Command will help you to find the network interface (eth0, eth1 or wifi0 etc..)
$ifconfig
Now
To Disable this settings
$sudo wondershaper clear eth0
make these connection settings permanent by editing /etc/network/interfaces file :
$ sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces and add the following lines
If you are a Network Administrator with little knowledge in Network Protocols and IPtables, don't worry you can also control your network traffic with a simple tool named wondershaper. It Works on Linux 2.4 & higher.
Open a Terminal and type the following
$ sudo apt-get install wondershaper
official site : http://lartc.org/wondershaper/
Readme files in /usr/share/doc/wondershaper
The following Command will help you to find the network interface (eth0, eth1 or wifi0 etc..)
$ifconfig
Now
$sudo wondershaper eth0 downspeed upspeed
eg: sudo wonderspeed 128 64To Disable this settings
$sudo wondershaper clear eth0
make these connection settings permanent by editing /etc/network/interfaces file :
$ sudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces and add the following lines
up /sbin/wondershaper eth0 downspeed upspeed
down /sbin/wondershaper clear eth0
Wednesday, January 12, 2011
Solve PS/2 Mouse and Keyboard Problem in Ubuntu 10.04
Use the following command for solving PS/2 Mouse and Keyboard Problem
If you cannot access the system , connect in a network, use remote login and use above the command
$ sudo rmmod psmouse
$ sudo modprobe psmouse
Labels:
Tips and Tricks,
Troubleshooting
Tuesday, January 11, 2011
Real Time Clock (DS1307) Using Pic16F877A and CCS C
Real time Clock interface using DS1307 and PIC16F877a is used in lot od embedded related projects. See the link below for circuit and working Code in CCS c.
See This Link
See This Link
Tuesday, January 4, 2011
How to Play Sony Handicam files ( .m2ts ) in Ubuntu Linux
What is M2TS?
MT2S files are generally used with Sony formats and hardware, particularly Blu-ray Disc and AVCHD. Camcorders make use of M2TS in the form of AVCHD, a recording format made specifically for camcorders. Some Canon camcorder models also use M2TS files. M2TS are capable of storing quite a large amount of information and data tracks. Software called the "Picture Motion Browser" is distributed with Sony camcorders for playing this files
Now how to install M2TS files in Ubuntu using VLC Player
First you have to install the following
Now make the following settings carefully in your VLC
Go to Tools -->Preferences --> Input & Codecs
For the option “Skip the loop filter for H.264 decoding” select ALL
Then in preference window Click Show Settings -> All. Now expand Stream Output -> Click Muxers ->select Mux module as “FFmpeg muxer”
Now
Expand Video -> Select Output module -> In Video Output module and select X11 video output.
MT2S files are generally used with Sony formats and hardware, particularly Blu-ray Disc and AVCHD. Camcorders make use of M2TS in the form of AVCHD, a recording format made specifically for camcorders. Some Canon camcorder models also use M2TS files. M2TS are capable of storing quite a large amount of information and data tracks. Software called the "Picture Motion Browser" is distributed with Sony camcorders for playing this files
Now how to install M2TS files in Ubuntu using VLC Player
First you have to install the following
$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras
Or You can use synaptic Package manager
Or You can use synaptic Package manager
Go to Tools -->Preferences --> Input & Codecs
For the option “Skip the loop filter for H.264 decoding” select ALL
Then in preference window Click Show Settings -> All. Now expand Stream Output -> Click Muxers ->select Mux module as “FFmpeg muxer”
Now
Expand Video -> Select Output module -> In Video Output module and select X11 video output.
Saturday, January 1, 2011
9th PAY REVISION COMMISSION REPORT FOR KERALA GOVERNMENT- How to Fix Pay
Dear Friends
Please Do your Duty First, After that You can calculate your Scale. You are eating Public Money , So Calculate it with out affecting Your Work.
Allowance for specs Increased, So I am using Small Font.
New scales :
1. 8500-230-9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220
2. 8730-230-9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-12550
3. 8960-230-9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-13210
4. 9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-13540-360-14620
5. 9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-13540-360-14980-400-15380
6. 10480-270-11020-300-12220-330-13540-360-14980-400-16980-440-17420
7. 11620-300-12220-330-13540-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740
8. 13210-330-13540-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740-500-20740
9. 13900-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-22360
10. 14620-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-23480
11. 15380-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-24040
12. 16180-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140
13. 16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29180
14. 18740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-31,360
15. 19240-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32110
16. 20740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-33680
17. 21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-34500
18.22360-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-35320
19. 24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-36140
20. 29180-680-29860-750-32860-820-36140-900-40640
21.32110-750-32860-820-36140-900-40640-1000-44640
22.36140-900-40640-1000-46640
23. 40640-1000-48640-1100-54140
24. 42640-1000-48640-1100-55240
25. 44640-1000-48640-1100-56340
26. 46640-1000-48640-1100-57440-1200-58640
27.48640-1100-57440-1200-59840
PAY FIXATION
1. Basic Pay (pre revised scale)at the Option date You have chosen.
2. 64%of DA to be merged.
3. Fitment Benefit(10% of pre revised basic pay OR minimum of Rs.1000)
4. Total of 1+2+3
5. fix the stage in the revised scale
6. Service weightage : 0.5% for every year of service(suppose u have 6 year of service at the date of option,u have got 3% of revised basic pay as service weightage)
7. Total 5+6
8. fix the stage in the revised scale as u r Basic Pay at the option date.
64%DA merged,remaining 14% continuing
Above information is not 100% official. Please verify official data for more clarity.
Please Do your Duty First, After that You can calculate your Scale. You are eating Public Money , So Calculate it with out affecting Your Work.
Allowance for specs Increased, So I am using Small Font.
New scales :
1. 8500-230-9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220
2. 8730-230-9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-12550
3. 8960-230-9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-13210
4. 9190-250-9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-13540-360-14620
5. 9940-270-11020-300-12220-330-13540-360-14980-400-15380
6. 10480-270-11020-300-12220-330-13540-360-14980-400-16980-440-17420
7. 11620-300-12220-330-13540-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740
8. 13210-330-13540-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740-500-20740
9. 13900-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-22360
10. 14620-360-14980-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-23480
11. 15380-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-24040
12. 16180-400-16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140
13. 16980-440-18740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29180
14. 18740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-31,360
15. 19240-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32110
16. 20740-500-21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-33680
17. 21240-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-34500
18.22360-560-24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-35320
19. 24040-620-27140-680-29860-750-32860-820-36140
20. 29180-680-29860-750-32860-820-36140-900-40640
21.32110-750-32860-820-36140-900-40640-1000-44640
22.36140-900-40640-1000-46640
23. 40640-1000-48640-1100-54140
24. 42640-1000-48640-1100-55240
25. 44640-1000-48640-1100-56340
26. 46640-1000-48640-1100-57440-1200-58640
27.48640-1100-57440-1200-59840
PAY FIXATION
1. Basic Pay (pre revised scale)at the Option date You have chosen.
2. 64%of DA to be merged.
3. Fitment Benefit(10% of pre revised basic pay OR minimum of Rs.1000)
4. Total of 1+2+3
5. fix the stage in the revised scale
6. Service weightage : 0.5% for every year of service(suppose u have 6 year of service at the date of option,u have got 3% of revised basic pay as service weightage)
7. Total 5+6
8. fix the stage in the revised scale as u r Basic Pay at the option date.
64%DA merged,remaining 14% continuing
Above information is not 100% official. Please verify official data for more clarity.
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